How to Understand the Metric System for Kids

U.S. children need to learn the basics of the metric system to achieve a well-rounded mathematics education. Teaching the metric system to kids requires a few techniques that may go against your teaching instincts. To make the metric system a more realistic idea to children, you can take a lot of the actual calculations out of it. Learning metric conversions will be skill taught to older students at the secondary level. Teaching hands-on measuring with the metric system will help younger children develop an understanding for it. These activities are designed for teaching a metric math unit to students grades five to eight.

Instructions

Height and Weight

1

Measure a full meter off the ground on a wall and tape the meter stick, so the bottom is at the top measurement of the first meter. This will help students measure their heights without having to move the meter stick up and down. They can add the number of centimeters their heights are to the 100 centimeters already measured out for them.

2

Place a scale that measures in kilograms near the meter stick, so the students can weigh themselves.

3

Give the students paper and pencil and have them make a height and weight chart they can update daily. Have them record their heights and weights each day in metric units. Doing this will teach students the vocabulary used in the metric system. The repetition of doing it each day for a number of days will help the information stick.

4

Give them some height and weight comparisons to help illustrate the concept of height and weight in the metric system. According to the National Institute of Technology website, some comparisons are diving off a 10-meter tall high diving board is the same as jumping off of the third floor of a building and a balance beam is only as wide as a paperback book, 10 centimeters.

Measuring Volume

5

Pour varying amounts of rice and beans into the plastic cups. Have the kids pour the rice and beans from the cups into a measuring cup and measure how much is in each cup in metric milliliters. This will familiarize them with how to read the measuring cup.

6

Give the kids paper and pencil to make an estimation chart on the next day of the unit. On the left side, they write their guesses for how much is in each cup, and on the right, they put how much is in each cup after they measure.

7

Allow the children to pair up and give each pair a bag of rice and beans and plastic cups. Have them fill four or five cups for each other to estimate and measure.

Temperature

8

Set up one of the digital thermometers outside where the students can read it easily. Attaching it to a window on the outside is one way to do this.

9

Set the other thermometer up in the classroom where students can access it easily. Choose one student each day to be in charge of recording the temperature on the board.

10

Ask the student to write the date on the board and record both the outdoor and indoor temperatures. Have the student present the temperatures each day to the rest of the class. Discuss what the temperatures mean if zero degrees Celsius is freezing.

11

Talk about what kinds of temperatures they would expect to see in each season. TheMetricSystem.info website offers a rhyme that helps children remember how Celsius temperature feels:

"Thirty's warm,

Twenty's nice,

Ten's cold,

Zero's ice."

List of Drafting Tools

Drafters are highly skilled engineers and architects who create technical and detailed drawings of machines, machine parts, and architectural floorplans. For years, the tools that a drafter needed to have at their disposal were manual in nature. Many of these tools were common to public schools and art and shop classes. Professional architects now use expensive, complicated software programs, which have now become more user-friendly.

Manual Drafting Tools

Manual drafting tools are those that are actively used in the process of drawing and measuring floorplans and blueprints. More specifically, manual drafting tools enable an architect to draw straight lines, nearly perfect circles, and also to draw elements of the building design proportionately.

Examples of manual drafting tools include protractors, compasses, T-squares, triangles, and pencils. Protractors are used to measure a circle or angle, compasses are used for making circles and arcs and triangles are used for making vertical and inclined lines. T-squares are utilized for drawing straight horizontal lines, and are sometimes incorporated as part of the structure of a drafting table, with the ends of the T-square attached to runners on either side of the table surface.

Finishing Drafting Tools

Finishing drafting tools are tools utilized to finish a design that has already been largely completed with manual drafting tools. Examples of finishing drafting tools include drafting paper, drafting films, foam boards and cutting mats. Drafting paper is long-lasting, archival-quality paper that doesn't smudge. Some drafting paper is completely blank, while other types of drafting paper are gridded. Drafting films, like drafting paper, are durable and smudge-resistant, but are made of thin sheets of mylar or acetate rather than paper.

Cutting mats are used underneath a floorplan or blueprint draft, as protection for your drafting table, when trimming the paper or plastic floorplan sheet with a sharp object is necessary. Foam boards are used as backing for mounting a finished floorplan or blueprint.

Drafting Software

With the advent and subsequent popularity of architectural software programs such as CAD (Computer Aided Design), and free programs like Google Sketch-up, the manual and finishing drafting tools of the recent past have begun to decline in frequency of usage. CAD is currently still the most popular drafting software-based tool among professional architects and engineers. CAD software has a long history, beginning as a doctoral research project at MIT in the early 1960s, and becoming a commercially used commodity in the 1970s.

Newer, user-friendly, and often free software programs like Google Sketch-Up are becoming increasingly popular with layman architects and budding engineers who are interested in architecture and engineering, but who may lack the education and work experience to learn and operate an expensive program like CAD.

How to Decorate With Occasional Tables & Throws

Occasional tables and throws can add a great deal to your dcor. Throws will warm up a room and occasional tables will add a welcoming ambiance for your family and guests and also serve as a great place for them to put their drinks and snacks. Does this Spark an idea?

Instructions

Pulling Together Your Room

1

First pick out the occasional tables that you want to use around the room. For decorating purposes, do not go with traditional and bland tables. Do something with flare that will still provide the tabletop space that you will need.

2

Pick out a few giant ceramic planters that are whimsical and colorful and use their colors for a foundation when choosing the rest of the dcor. Have a piece of tempered or Plexiglas cut to be the tabletop for them. The glass should extend beyond the rim of the planter by at least eight inches. You can go up to a foot with a piece of sturdy glass if you want the extra table space.

Stick tack putty in small pieces around the rim before lightly pressing the glass onto the planter rim. Roll the putty into neat pea-size pieces. The glass is transparent, so you do not want to use too much and have it look messy. This will assure the glass will stay in place. These pieces of ceramic art work well for occasional tables.

3

Make an occasional table out of old suitcases that are stacked three to four high. Make sure they are the sturdy boxed type; you want them solid with no give to them at all. Have a piece of glass cut for a table top that goes beyond the top suitcase by about four inches. Apply tack putty to anchor the glass. Place the tack putty on the underside corners of the suitcases to keep them from sliding. This decorating idea will not only recycle old suitcases, but it will lend a look of nostalgia to your room.

4

Use throws that pick up the colors in your occasional tables and to pull the room together. Along with placing the throw blankets along the back and arms of your furniture, use them as decorative items by folding them and storing them in a stack on a bookcase. Toss around some matching throw pillows to complete your look.

Drape a colorful throw over an occasional table that has seen too many occasions, as a quick way to spruce it up. This works well for a sturdy little table that you still want to use, but have no time to refinish.

How to Decorate With Black Furniture Using Gold

Designing a room with black furniture is stylish and modern but it can make a room too dark. Black and white are commonly used together but other colors used with black are appealing in interior design as well. Like white, gold is a contrasting color that can bring light and warmth into a room that contains black furniture. Decorating is a personal choice but adding gold in a room that has dark dcor like black furniture is usually a good choice. Does this Spark an idea?

Instructions

1

Paint the walls a rich golden color. Even painting a single wall golden and leaving the others a neutral, such as white, cream or beige, brings in light and brightens the room. If painting a single wall, paint a wall that faces the furniture.

2

Add accent paint to black furniture. Avoid adding paint to leather or similar materials but add some accents to wooden furniture. A little accenting of corners and edges can make the furniture stand out. Use gold glitter if paint colors are too bright. The glitter subtly accents the furniture.

3

Put a gold-framed mirror on the wall. A mirror not only opens up the space but also adds color to the room. Avoid putting the mirror on a wall that is painted gold.

4

Add a few gold-colored pillows to the couch or chairs. Two or three golden pillows in different designs will contrast with the stark black furniture and create a beautiful room.

How to Make a Garden Table

A garden is a place to relax, unwind and meditate. It is here that one can sit quietly, enjoy the smells. Hear the sounds that can only be produced in such an atmosphere when you relax in your garden. If you are going to put the sweat and toil into the creation of a garden, it only makes sense that you would add furniture. This cant be just any furniture, though; it has to have the same taste as the rest of the garden you created. It should have a garden table. Yes, not only will the flowers and other additions to your garden speak of your creative genius, but the garden table will tell others of the vision that has become your garden. Does this Spark an idea?

Instructions

Beginning

1

Mark the center of the two End Leg Supports. Drill a pilot hole with the drill to receive the 1-inch deck screws. Apply a bead of glue on one end of the Long Leg Support and center it on the End Leg Support. Secure it with the 1-inch deck screws. Repeat this for the other end of the Long Leg Support. Set this aside.

2

Drill pilot holes in the 2 x 2 x 2-inch Blocks to receive two deck screws. Apply a bead of glue to one side of the Block. Place the Block flush with the top of the 3 x 3 Leg and inset 1-inches. Secure it with the 2-inch deck screws. Do this on the two inside corners of each 3 x 3 Leg.

3

Drill pilot holes in the 2 x 2 End Supports to receive 6 deck screws. Apply a bead of glue to one of the End Supports and place it against the top edge of the End. Secure it with the 2-inch deck screws. Repeat for the other End.

4

Drill two pilot holes on the ends of the End pieces and the Sidepieces. Apply a bead of glue to the inside of one of the Ends and place it against a 2 x 2 Block. Secure it with the 1-inch deck screws. Repeat this with the other End piece and both Sidepieces.

5

Measure from the end of the Sidepieces and make a mark every 15-inches. Drill pilot holes on these marks. Drill pilot holes in the Cross Members every four inches. Place the Cross Members against the pilot holes on the Sidepieces. Secure them with the 1inch deck screws.

Finishing up

6

Place the Top boards face down on a table covered with a soft cloth. Leave 1/8-inch gap between them.

7

Place the Leg assembly on the Top leaving a two-inch space between the edge of the Top and the ends and sides. Secure the Leg assembly to the top with the 2-inch deck screws.

8

Measure up from the bottom of the Legs four inches and drill a hole for the 3/8-Inch Dowel Pin. Mark the edges of the Leg Supports assembly that will meet the leg in the center. Drill a hole for the 3/8-Inch Dowel Pin.

9

Apply glue to the hole in the Leg. Insert the Dowel Pin until it is snug. Leave only 3/8 inches of the Dowel Pin exposed.

10

Apply glue in the holes of the Leg assembly and gently push it in place over the Dowel Pins on the Legs. Clamp them and leave over night. The next day, remove the clamps. Turn the table upright.

Spool Table Decorating Ideas

Whether you decorate with authentic industrial spools or spool-style tables, the curves and profiles of spools can create a distinctive look to your decor. Because spool tables are focal points, the way you finish, accessorize and accent them can influence the entire decorating scheme of a room. Does this Spark an idea?

Primitive Spool Table

A primitive-style spool table often incorporates features alluding to its industrial roots. Wind rope or wire around the spool for a rustic look. Keep the spool unpainted and unpolished or add a thin coat of milk paint or antique whitewash and allow the underlying hues, surface imperfections and textures to show through. Accessorize the tabletop with a black wrought iron candlestick and simple white pillar candles. Extend the look in the room with other solid wooden furnishings with distressed or weathered wood.

Shabby Chic Spool Table

For a touch of feminine flounce, give your spool table a shabby chic makeover. Use an eggshell or matte finish paint to highlight the irregular surface of your spool table. Pale yellow, faded cornflower blue, lavender, icy pink, sea foam green or cream are good color options. If you want a more embellished look, apply a fleur-de-lis or climbing ivy pattern over the paint with stencils, stamps or vinyl decals. Add a runner on top of the table using a swatch of vintage lace or floral fabric. A simple glass jar or white bud vase can hold wildflowers or sprigs of herbs at the center of the table. Surround your spool table with other painted wooden furnishings scavenged from flea markets, yard sales or thrift shops.

Modern Spool Table

A spool table can also be at home in a modern or contemporary interior. In this design approach, use tables shaped like spools rather than real spools. Look for a stainless steel or chrome table or for a small space, use an acrylic "ghost" table that you can see through. A geometric bud vase in white, black or a reflective surface keeps the look sleek and monochromatic, or you can opt for a pop of color with periwinkle, lime green or mango orange. Underneath, modular carpet tile gives the area graphic pop. Overhead, a curving pendant lamp echoes the silhouette of the spool table.

How to Buy a Drawing Table for a Child

A drawing table encourages your child to explore his artistic and creative side. It can also be used for various other purposes such as writing, reading, playing or snacks. A well-chosen drawing table is ergonomically designed, appeals to your taste and keeps your child engaged constructively in a safe, stimulating environment.

Instructions

1

Think about your child's age and height, her interests, the size of her room, how many children will be using the drawing table at a time and for what purposes other than drawing. There are several types of drawing tables to choose from. Deciding how to buy a drawing table for a child depends on which features are important to you and your child.

2

Narrow down your drawing table requirements. For example, if you have a smaller room or want to be able to use the drawing table in different areas of your house, choose a lightweight folding table. If more than one child will be using the drawing table at the same time, pick a larger one with ample leg room and surface area. For younger kids, pay close attention to tables with sharp edges or unsafe material and choose safer models. Some tables come with a paper caddy, paper roll and child-safe paper cutter. Some are more versatile and can be used for craft-work and other projects. Some drawing tables double as snack and homework tables too. Keep your child's favorite color, his room's theme, the purpose and your taste in mind.

3

Based on your budget, taste and requirements, you can choose from wood, plastic or metal tables. Each has its own advantages and disadvantages. Plastic tables are more lightweight and safer with child-proof edges. However, there are environmental and other health concerns regarding lead paint and you should pay attention to product recalls. Wooden tables are heavier and durable. Compressed wood is a lightweight but less durable alternative. Some drawing tables come with a built-in theme using popular characters. Others are plain but allow you to customize it with the addition of paint, stickers and accessories. Based on how long you think your child or children may use the drawing table, choose one that has an age-appropriate theme or long-lasting appeal.

4

If your child is going to be using the drawing table extensively and exclusively for drawing and crafts, then choose a table that has additional storage and shelves for pencils, colors, paper and other stationery. You might also want to look at art display options and other accessories to showcase your child's art near or on the table.

5

If you are choosing a drawing table for a child other than your own, then try to find out what colors, themes or characters he or she likes. Also, be aware of the family's environment and theme choices.

6

Browse options available in specialized children's stores like ToysRUs, speciality furniture stores like Ikea, discount stores like Target and Walmart and also wholesalers like Costco. Make a price and features comparison. Visit their websites too for exclusive web only drawing tables. Also browse online retailers and shopping websites like Amazon.com, allchildrensfurniture.com, ivgstores.com and comcore21.com. Do a little research before deciding on the drawing table that best fits your child.

How to Convert Metric to Decimal

Metric and decimal are best known as two systems of measurement that rely on different unit bases. The system commonly used in the United States is the decimal system, or the "standard" system, whereas most countries outside of the United States use the metric system. Given that both systems were in use as of 2010, conversions between units in each system are useful and oftentimes necessary when working with hardware. The term "decimal" in reference to the standard system of measurements suggests lengthwise conversions -- those that deal with fractions of an inch.

Instructions

1

Determine the metric length that is to be converted. This can be found in the literature that accompanies the metric hardware. If this value is not easily referenced, measure the hardware with a metric-based ruler or set of calipers. The unit on this quantity should be millimeters (mm).

2

Write down the metric-to-decimal conversion factor of one inch per 25.4 millimeters (1 in/25.4 mm). From this it is easy to see that a multiplication of the metric quantity by this conversion factor will yield a value given in inches, as the "mm" units cancel one another out.

3

Multiply the metric quantity by the conversion factor. On your calculator, simply divide the metric quantity of the hardware by 25.4 to get a decimal value in units of inches.

Metric Hex Nut Specs

Nuts and bolts are used in countless applications. Metric hex nuts are some of the more common nuts. A metric hex nut is hexagonal-shaped and uses the metric system to measure the size of the nut, size of the internal threads, and the distance between threads. The measurements equate to the exact specifications of each type of metric hex nut. Does this Spark an idea?

Size

A metric nut fits metric bolts and screws only. The size outline is classified in an "M" code, such as M10x1.50. M10 implies that the nuts fits a 10 mm wrench. The "M" code does not have to correspond to the size of the bolt. An M6 nut can easily fit on an M10 bolt. Most applications use nuts of the same size as the bolt for uniformity of appearance and application. The most common sized nuts are M8, M10 and M12, which are found in most household and vehicle applications.

Threads

The threads are outlined by the second part of the "M" code. The M10x1.50 indicates that the nut has a distance between each thread of 1.50 mm. An M10x1.50 can only fit on a bolt that has a similar thread distance. M12x1.50x30 will accommodate the M10x1.50 nut. The 30 in the bolt measurement is the overall length of the bolt. A M10x1.50 nut will cross-thread a M10x1.25x20 bolt. Cross-threading happens when the threads of the nut and bolt are uneven and end up crossing over each other. Cross-threading will destroy both the bolt and nut.

SAE versus Metric

SAE (Society of Automotive Engineers) uses a similar measurement system for nuts and bolts. The code follows the same layout of the metric nuts and bolts, but it uses Standard or American measurements. An M13x1.50 nut will be similar to a 1/2x13 nut. The two are not interchangeable but have threads that are close in size. Bolts are stamped on the head with SAE or metric measurements. Nuts are not. SAE nuts close in size to a metric equivalent will seem to fit a metric bolt initially but will cross-thread the bolt. Always store your metric and SAE nuts separately.

How to Extend a Teak Table

Asian teak wood is imported and makes long-lasting, outdoor furniture that is available in various styles. Teak contains natural oils to repel water, making it useful for outdoor furniture. The tables are constructed to fold into a compact size for storage purposes or creating space and can be quickly extended when needed. Does this Spark an idea?

Instructions

Round Table

1

Stand next to the round teak table with the right foot behind the set of legs at the table rear. The rear is the backside of the tabletop that includes the frame and legs. A round teak table stores with two sets of legs folded together and the top in a vertical position on the left side. This style is identical to a folding TV tray.

2

Grasp the tabletop with the left hand at the bottom and lift it up to an angle of 60 degrees. The tabletop will swivel on a pivot point as it rises from hinges on each side.

3

Place the right hand on the front of the table frame underneath the tabletop and push out while slightly raising. This motion will separate each set of legs and prepare the frame on top of each set of legs. The frame is two parallel boards on top of each set of legs where the tabletop rests when extended.

4

Slightly lower the tabletop to sit flat on the frame horizontally.

Square Table

5

Straddle the folded table with one foot on the side of each set of legs. A square teak table has two set of legs that fold together with one half of the tabletop lying vertically on the exterior of each set of legs.

6

Place the right hand on the right bottom half of the tabletop. Place the left hand on the left bottom half of the tabletop. This position is the center of each half which is vertically hinged to each set of legs on the outside right and left of the table.

7

Raise both halves up simultaneously. The halves will slide up in a channel on each side.

8

Pivot the tabletop sides to a horizontal position and set them on the table frame so that each half of the tabletop meets together in the center of the tabletop. The tabletop will rest on the framework, which unfolds on top of the legs for support. The legs open by sliding out when the two halves join on the table frame.

How to Buy a Drafting Table

There are some people that work better standing or sitting up higher than a standard office chair allows. Because drafting tables typically tilt up to 45 degrees and have an adjustable height, they also can prevent slouching when standing or sitting, ultimately helping users avoid stiff necks and backs.

Instructions

1

Consider stability when buying a drafting table. Models with traction springs can help control balance and adjustments. Table bases made with heavy-gauge steel and stabilizing bars also bolster steadiness. Many models have locking casters, non-slip floor glides or floor levelers to help balance drafting tables on uneven surfaces.

2

Look for hassle-free adjustments. Consider whether you can change the angle of the work surface easily without tools.

3

Protect your drawing tools or other items by looking for models equipped with lockable drawers. Even without locks, storage drawers are useful for keeping your supplies nearby.

4

Make sure a drafting table can adjust to a height that supports you whether you are standing or sitting. A footrest crossbar on the base and ample legroom also can make sitting at your drafting table more comfortable.

How to Decorate a Gray Bedroom With Yellow Accents

Deciding on a color scheme for your bedroom can be difficult, but gray and yellow is a modern combination that mixes the elegance of gray with the freshness of yellow. This color combination combines soothing and uplifting tones in your bedroom. A suitable gray paint color, gray furnishings and gray bed linens provide the foundation for your design. Yellow trim paint, pillows and accessories complete the look of your gray bedroom with yellow accents. Does this Spark an idea?

Instructions

1

Paint the bedroom walls gray. Choose a lighter shade of gray to make the room brighter or a darker shade to aid in sleeping.

2

Add yellow accent paint to the wall. One option is to include a yellow strip of paint around the middle or top of the wall. Another alternative is to paint a yellow pattern on the wall, such as sunbursts or flowers.

3

Add furnishings. Place gray nightstands beside the bed. The gray should be a different shade than the gray on the wall so it doesn't blend in. Add a bed, wardrobe, armchair, bookshelf, dresser and any other furnishings you wish to include.

4

Paint some of the furnishings gray or yellow. Although not everything in the room has to be gray or yellow, a few key pieces of furniture in gray or yellow will help achieve your desired color scheme. The use of some white furnishings amid the gray and yellow furnishings will make the colored pieces stand out even more.

5

Paint the wardrobe yellow. Let it dry, and then follow with a coat of gray paint. Use sandpaper to chip away some of the gray paint to give the wardrobe a distressed look while allowing the gray and yellow to both be visible.

6

Add framed pictures or canvas art to the walls. Incorporate a mixture of gray and yellow by mixing gray and yellow frames, mats and pictures. For example, place a gray mat over a gray and yellow picture, and frame it in a yellow frame.

7

Add fabrics. Use a gray bedspread or one with a mixture of gray and yellow. Line the bed with a yellow throw. Yellow draperies will pop against the background of your gray wall.

8

Add yellow accessories, such as yellow lamps to the nightstands. Toss pillows on the bed and armchair. Add yellow shelves to the wall and yellow wall plaques, a yellow mirror, a gray and yellow rug and yellow desktop accessories. Finish the room with a gray vase or bucket full of fresh yellow flowers.

Creative Ways to Cover a Table

Setting the table does not need to be boring. With some creativity and the inspiration from good ideas, create a table covering that is entertaining, exotic and even fun for the kids. Creating unique and expressive table coverings could become a regular family project, or they may be a fun thing you can use to keep the kids occupied on a rainy Saturday afternoon. Does this Spark an idea?

A Clubhouse

When you look at your table you may only see a table, but there is a good chance that your kids see a clubhouse. Find a dark table cloth that covers the entire table on all sides, and then begin using your imagination to bring the clubhouse to life. Make It And Love It, listed below, is a website that offers some very creative ideas on clubhouse table coverings. Start by cutting a door and a window in your clubhouse, then continue by adding window trimmings and a variety of other designs.

It does not have to stop at a clubhouse. Use a red tablecloth and make a fire station. A green tablecloth can become an Army tent. Get a black tablecloth and create a dark cave. Expand on the clubhouse idea to create a world under the table.

Make Dinner Interesting

CBS News suggests some placesettings that would make any table interesting. Cut an old chalkboard or whiteboard into multiple rectangular pieces and use them as placesettings for the table. While everyone is waiting for dinner, they have something to draw on.

Use fresh fruit to accent your table when guests are over for dinner. Get a large clear bowl, fill it with water and apples and you have an apple-dunking contest as a centerpiece. Use various size containers but stick with the same color apples to create a theme. It does not always need to be apples. Use a clear vase filled with bananas as a centerpiece, or perhaps you could melt chocolate into a bowl and float strawberries in it as an appetizer. Unique place settings and centerpieces can make dinner more interesting for everyone.

Creative Materials

Consider using floor coverings as creative accents to your tables. Studio Well Spring suggests that some of the more exotic-looking floor coverings can also make interesting table coverings. Vinyl floor sections designed to look like expensive marble or stone can make effective tabletops. Use floor tiles made of stone attached to a mesh backing to make your table look as though it were covered in sparkling white pebbles. The next time you are walking through the flooring section of a home improvement store, start thinking about covering your tables as well.

What Are Nesting Tables?

Nesting tables are often found in antique stores being highly in demand as eye-catching conversation pieces in any prized collection. Nesting tables are made from different types of materials including glass, leather, bamboo, steel, plastic or wood. Does this Spark an idea?

Size

Nesting tables are tables of various sizes that are basically identical. The smaller tables fit underneath the next size up---nesting the smaller within the medium, which nests within the big table of the set.

Features

Nesting tables fit underneath each other when not in use stacking tidily out of the way until needed.

Function

Multiple-use nesting tables are occasional tables on which to set plants, flowers, pictures or your coffee cup.

Benefits

Nesting tables enable interior decorators to coordinate a room using the same style tables to house different objects.

Effects

Nesting tables are useful for any occasion as they come in many styles and sizes to fit any need.

Home Outdoor Dining Ideas

Enjoying a comfortable meal outside can be relaxing and refreshing--a pleasurable way to celebrate beautiful weather. Outdoor dining requires three key elements: seating, an eating area and shelter from the sun. As long as you cover these areas, you can be as creative and original as you'd like. When planning outdoor entertaining, consider weather, how you will dine and the type of meals you typically serve. Does this Spark an idea?

Outdoor Dining Room

If you live in a climate that has mild temperatures all year, create a full dining room outside for your family to enjoy. If your kitchen opens onto a patio, during dinner parties you can leave the doors open for an indoor/outdoor dining room feeling. Use a large table with a lot of seating to accommodate lo lots of guests. A finished wooden table or bench style table works well. When hosting parties, cover the table with a tablecloth and placemats, and set it as you would a traditional table. Use a heavy centerpiece that will act as both a decorative piece and a weight to hold down the tablecloth if it is windy. Put up a canopy around the table to provide some protection.

Natural Arbor

Create a very natural eating area outdoors by building a wooden arch. Use a climbing vine flower to fill in the arch, making a canopy of greenery and vines. Select a heavy wooden table and chairs in a complementary wood tone. Use natural-looking placemats, such as canvas or bamboo, and a centerpiece inspired by nature to tie the eating area together.

Outdoor Lounge

An outdoor lounge will give you space to eat and entertain when the weather is nice. Choose high, square top tables that can be separated and arranged around the patio for a cocktail party or pushed together for a dinner. Include a full covered bar surrounded by bar stools, with shelving behind it for storage. Use the bar to serve drinks or act as a buffet in a dinner setting. Complete the lounge feel with tiki torches and additional seating.

Cozy Dining

Create a cozy outdoor environment appropriate for cool evenings. Build a fire pit that can be covered with a flat piece of stone or wood to act as a coffee table when it's not in use. Assemble chairs with soft cushions and throw pillows, and toss an additional throw blanket over each. After your meal, slide the top off of the fire pit, start a fire and relax under a cozy blanket.

How to Decorate Furniture with Paint

Decorating furniture with paint is a great option to staining wood. Whether it's for a kid's room, living room or kitchen, a decorative finish can add interest to a piece of furniture and inspire an entire room. Learn a few painting options to transform your furniture. Does this Spark an idea?

Instructions

1




Stencil it. Give a chest of drawers or bedside table new life with a stencil application. Paint the whole piece one color, for example, terra cotta, and then apply a stencil. A stencil is a cut-out template that you tape lightly to a surface and then paint in to create a design or pattern. Once your base coat is dry, apply the stencil and hold it in place with your hand or a small piece of tape. Apply a coordinating or appropriate paint color for your stencil with a "dry brush." Working from the outside edges, paint in the cut-out areas to create your image. Move the stencil to another location to repeat the design.

2

Gloss it over. Apply a high gloss finish to a child's room desk or bed-frame. Prime wood-stained furniture or painted furniture first, and then apply a coat of a bright, primary color, such as red or blue, in a gloss finish. Add a different bright color to draw details for more interest.

3




Age it. Whitewash a table, bureau or chair, and then apply a light stencil, such as a grapevine, for example. Allow to dry completely. Take a piece of medium-grade sandpaper and sand the finish along the legs, edges and high points. Use fine-grade sandpaper to lightly add some distressing to your stenciled areas to age it further.

4

Add a simple graphic accent. Paint furniture a glossy black then add a dramatic accent by painting handles or legs a high finish gold, bronze or silver. You can also use a small paintbrush to hand paint some curvy lines, swirls or pinstripes on legs and along edges, for more interest.

5




Give it a fine-art edge. If you are a talented painter, take your favorite fine art image and apply it to a stool, chair or table top. For example, take Van Gogh's "Starry Night" and apply your rendition of it to a footstool. Start by painting the whole stool black, and then, using acrylic paints, render your fine art reproduction. Seal and protect the whole piece by painting a final coat of clear sealant.

6

Use the rosemal technique (see link in Resources). A traditional Norwegian style of floral painting, rosemaling uses oil paints, but you can also paint furniture with acrylics. Practice the rose mauling technique of brush placement and pressure first, and then apply to a dresser, stool or chair for an "Old World" look.

7

Apply a faux finish. You can purchase specialty paints for furniture that will simulate iron, leather or suede finishes on wood. Sometimes a 2-step process, you can make give a crackle finish or bright metallic look to any piece of furniture.

Outdoor Reception Seating Ideas

Outdoor receptions provide an opportunity for guests to mingle while enjoying the natural setting. Formal and casual seating options, including chairs, benches, outdoor furniture, traditional indoor furniture and hammocks are all options with outdoor venues. Choose the seating option that matches the formality and style of your event, while preserving the natural beauty of your location.

Benches

Organize a variety of benches for guest seating. Use garden benches, table benches and children's benches. Place the benches around a natural feature, such as a lake, or place them in a U-shape around a stage. Place rectangular tables between four benches to create a casual seating arrangement. Add cushions to make the bench seats comfortable. Coordinate the cushions to match the tablecloths.

Patio Furniture

If you have a large patio, use the existing patio furniture for an intimate reception. Use patio chairs, swings, tables and couches. Add umbrellas for shade or cover the entire patio with a tent. Organize small areas where you will direct guests to sit. Provide seats for four- to eight guests in each area.

Cabana

Create small cabana areas outdoors. Organize a small outdoor couch, table, and chairs in a group. Use PVC pipe to create a structure around the seating area. Hang curtains from the pipes. Add crisp linens to the tables to finish the look. Set up multiple areas around the reception site, and vary the seating arrangements depending on how many guests will be seated in each cabana. You can also use curtains in different colors to depict different seating areas for escort cards.

Large Tables

Instead of having traditionally separated tables, organize your seating so everyone is seated together. Create rows of feasting tables reminiscent of the Victorian era. Place a long table beside another long table until you have a series of tables that stretches dozens of feet. Organize three- to five large feasting tables. Cover with colorful linens. An advantage to this seating arrangement is that your guests will be able to see and communicate with many others.

Hammocks

For an ultra-casual reception, pick a venue with plenty of trees. String hammocks between the trees. Your guests can sit or lay in the hammocks for a casual and memorable reception experience. Add colorful pillows to complete the look. Set a stage or dance floor in the middle of the venue so guests can observe the festivities while lounging in the hammocks. Lay blankets and pillows around the reception area as an alternative for guests who aren't comfortable in the hammocks.

Hay

Set up bales of hay for a rustic look. Add small tables beside the bales of hay. Guests can sit on the hay directly or cover on blankets to make them more comfortable. Place the bales in long rows that face a stage like you would if you were using traditional folding chairs.

Lounge

Create a lounge feel by using indoor furniture outdoors. You can use small couches, loveseats, armchairs or recliners outdoors. Organize clusters of mini-lounges around the venue. Provide enough space between the lounges for adequate walking space. Give each lounge area a name so guests will know where their table is located.

Small Seats

Have guests sit on ottomans outdoors for an intimate reception. Use small, single units combined with larger ottomans. Place a variety of bean bags for children to use. Place the ottomans in a circle around the venue.

As an alternative, place six ottomans on each side of short or long tables. Provide food and beverages in the center of each table, family style. Organize these areas in a horseshoe-shape around the venue.

How to Draw Tables in Photoshop

A computer table is a structured set of lines used to organize data for easy viewing and access. You'll commonly find a table in a word processor, spreadsheet program, or database management tool. But in some cases you may need to draw a table in an image editing program like Adobe Photoshop. For example, if you want to convert the table to an image for display online, Photoshop is one program that can help you accomplish that goal fairly quickly.

Instructions

1

Click "File" then "New" on the Photoshop main menu. Set your desired size and resolution for your table in the dialog box. Set the color mode to CMYK if you plan to print the table and RGB if you plan to display the table online.

2

Select the "Rectangle Tool" on the Photoshop toolbar. Draw the outer box of the table in your workspace.

3

Click the ruler on the left hand side of your workspace and drag your mouse outward to create a guideline for your table columns. Space the columns according to your needs (usually about a half inch to an inch wide) with the guides.

4

Select the "Line Tool" on the Photoshop toolbar. Hold down the Shift key and use the tool to draw a series of vertical lines inside of the table along the guidelines you set.

5

Click the ruler on the top hand side of your workpace and drag them down to create row guidelines. Select the "Line Tool" again, hold down the "Shift" key and draw horizontal lines for your rows. You now have your table.

6

Add text inside each box in your table using the "Horizontal Type Tool," located on the toolbar.

How to Convert From the U.S. Customary System to the Metric System

The U.S. customary system of measurement uses several units not commonly used in other industrialized countries--for example, gallons and cups to measure volume, feet and miles to measure distance and Fahrenheit to measure temperature. These are all easily converted into metric units, such as liters for volume, meters for distance and Celsius for temperature.

Instructions

Length

1

Convert the distance from whatever U.S. unit it is written in into feet, before converting into metric units. For example, one yard converts to three feet. One inch converts to 1/12 feet. One mile converts to 5,280 feet.

2

Convert the number of feet into meters by multiplying it by 0.3048.

3

Convert the number of meters to an appropriate unit for the scale of the distance. For example, 1,000 meters converts to 1 kilometer, and 1/1,000 of a meter converts to a millimeter.

Volume

4

Convert the volume from whatever U.S. unit it is written in into gallons before converting into metric units. For example, one fluid ounce equals 0.0078125 gallons, and one cup equals 0.0625 gallons.

5

Convert the number of gallons to liters by multiplying by 3.7854. The result is the number of liters.

6

Convert the number of liters to an appropriate unit for the scale of the volume. For example, 1/1,000 of a liter equals a milliliter.

Temperature

7

Subtract 32 from the number of degrees Fahrenheit of temperature.

8

Multiply by 5.

9

Divide by 9. The result is the temperature in degrees Celsius.

How to Build a Sofa Table From Pipes

Decorative sofa tables provide a nice accent behind a sofa. The table is designed to sit below the back edge of the sofa and provide an opportunity for additional lamp placement and a place to sit drinks for guests. Tables can be made from almost any material when combined with an artistic eye. One inexpensive table design uses PVC pipes cut to many different heights. This makes the table a conversation piece. Does this Spark an idea?

Instructions

1

Cut six pieces of PVC pipe to 36 inches long. Place two pipes in a milk crate. Cut more PVC pipe of different sizes any length up to 34 inches long. Fill three milk crates and arrange the pipes in an interesting design.

2

Sand the top of each pipe with a band sander and loose sheet of 60-grit sandpaper to remove all burrs and uneven edges. Replace the pipe in the crate. Sand all of the pipe tops in all three crates. Push the three crates together. When you are finished all of the pipes will be glued together and form a single, long, rectangular base. Adjust any pipe placement for the best appearance. Your tall pipes will support a glass top so space them evenly and wide apart.

3

Pick up two adjacent pipes. Apply PVC glue along the edge where the pipes touch so that there is glue on both pipes. Press the pipes together at the glue while keeping the bottom of the pipes level. Add a band of painter's tape to hold the pipes in position while the glue dries.

4

Glue your pipes in pairs. After the glue dries, remove the tape and glue the pairs into fours. Tape as necessary. After the glue tries, remove the tape and glue into sets of eight. Tape as necessary. Continue until your entire base is glued together.

5

Spray paint your pipes to cover any lettering on the pipes. Allow the paint to dry for 24 hours.

6

Cut clear shower door spline to fit around the top edge of your top pipes. Press the U-channel spline tight to the plastic. Rest your glass top over the pipes.

What Is the Standard Height of a Dining Table?

Depending on the activity, an important factor in the comfortable use of a table is the height of the table top. Dining tables and their respective heights have evolved over time, from formal seating at a standard height table to more casual counter and bar dining. Does this Spark an idea?

Standard Dining Table

The standard height of a dining table is between 28" to 30" above the floor.

Counter-height Table

A counter-height table or kitchen island counter top is typically 36" above the floor. While kitchen counter tops are a comfortable height to stand and work at, it is also popular to sit at the counter for casual dining and interaction with activities in the kitchen.

Bar-height Table

Bar height tables are between 40" and 42" above the floor. This height of table is often seen in informal cafe dining or bars.

Outdoor Dining Table

The height for outdoor dining tables are the same as for standard dining tables, between 28" and 30" above the floor.

Chair Heights

The comfortable height for a dining chair seat is 10" to 12" below the height of the dining table. A typical dining chair is 18" to 20" high at the seat. A bar-height stool or chair is between 30" and 32" high at the seat.

How to Convert Metric to Inches for Tire Sizes

Don't let converting between inches and millimeters intimidate you. It's simple multiplication and division for all measurements tires. You can take vintage tire specifications cited in inches and find a modern metric equivalent. Or, you can convert metric measurements to inches when needed to purchase other suspension parts sized in inches.

Metric Basics

Centimeters are divided into 10 millimeters.

One inch equals 25.4 millimeters or 2.54 centimeters. Something 5 inches long is 12.7 centimeters or 127 millimeters (5 multiplied by 2.54 and 25.4, respectively). To convert a metric measurement, divide centimeters by 2.54 or the inch equivalent by 25.4 for millimeters to inches. Multiplying your millimeter measurement by .03937 also gives an inch equivalent.

It's the Same for Tires

Wheel rims are often sized in inches.

Tire and wheel manufacturers use a combination of inch and metric measurements, depending on the company's country of origin, historical use and tire part being referenced. Tread and sidewall height are listed in millimeters and rim diameter is often in inches.

Calculators Make it Easy

Use the search features and conversion calculators offered at major tire maker and dealer websites. These sites and calculators make it easy for you to fit tires for your car or to calculate all the tire dimensions.

Figuring Out the Diameter in Inches

Determine tire diameter in inches by calculating it from the metric sidewall size. Multiply the section width by the aspect ratio (first two numbers in the size) and multiply again by 2. Divide by 25.4 to convert the millimeters to inches. Add the rim diameter (last number in the sidewall size and already in inches) for your nominal tire diameter.

How to Make Wooden Patio Furniture

Commercial patio furniture can be found in any department store or lumber yard. For the most part, such furniture begins to look the same and just about everyone has the same patio furniture sets. You may be able to drive through your community, pointing out and naming where your neighbors' patio furniture came from, "That one came from Home Depot and that one came from Wal-Mart." It's time to do something radical so no one can name the source of your patio wares; choose to build your own. Does this Spark an idea?

Instructions

Preparing to Build

1

Draft or purchase plans for each piece of furniture you desire to build. A good set of plans will provide a list of all parts and lumber necessary for the project and will help you make another of the same item at a later date. In a chair set, for example, consistency is important for your patio set to look right and this will mark you in the minds of others as an accomplished craftsman.

2

Determine how much of each type of lumber you will need to complete the project. Lumber lengths and sizes are standardized. Boards are all sold in 8-foot sections: 1x1, 2x4, 4x4; panels of plywood, oak, pine, and others are sold in 4-foot wide by 8-foot long panels. Using your plans, determine how many of each lumber variety are needed and purchase them so you have them on hand when needed.

3

Rent or purchase the tools you will need for your project. Make a list of tools required in constructing each furniture item and take an inventory of tools you already have in your possession. Spend some time locating and purchasing, or renting, the tools you don't already have in your inventory. A bare minimum of general-use tools necessary for building patio furniture has been supplied for you in these instructions, but the list may not include all necessary items needed for your particular project.

4

Check to verify that your extension cords are rated for the amperage and wattage needed by your power tools. If you will be working outdoors, be sure to use only outdoor-rated extension cords.

Setting Up

5

Set up and space your saw horses, table saw, drill press, and electric sander. Place your equipment within easy reach, ensuring that none of the power cables can be cut or damaged by sharp edges or blades.

6

Cut all furniture frame members to the lengths called for in your plans or as you noted in your self-produced draft. Proceed to cut out the pieces needed for flat surfaces last.

7

Sand all pieces of lumber smooth and then organize the parts so they are together: chair legs in one pile, seat panels in another pile, back-rests for chairs in another pile and so on.

8

Using your router and table saw, cut any desired designs on each piece and lightly sand the designs afterwords with fine grit sandpaper.

9

Drill all bolt holes in all pieces of lumber which will serve as joints. If you are using hidden-joint techniques, cut the male ends of all joints and drill the female receptacle holes, making all measurements properly so they match up according to the plans.

Assemble the Parts

10

Connect all frame members first. Use a square and a level, making sure all frame members are plumbed (level and even). If you are using hidden-joint techniques, apply a proper amount of wood glue to the joint receptacle holes and on the surfaces of all male joint nipples per the instructions on your brand of wood glue. When gluing, compress all joints and allow to dry according to the recommended drying times on the bottle.

11

Sand down any additional rough edges or burs on areas as necessary.

12

Apply your choice of wood stain. Allow the wood stain to dry per the recommendations on the product packaging. Once dry, apply two or three coats of clear weatherproofing clear-coat to all surfaces of your furniture. If your furniture will be exposed to excessive sunlight, use a good clear-coat that offers a high UV protective rating.

13

Invite your friends and neighbors over for a barbecue to enjoy a dining experience using your new patio furniture.

How to Decorate Inside With Outside Furniture

If you love spending time outdoors rocking in your favorite hammock, sitting on your front bench or sipping drinks at your outdoor table, you might find the idea of decorating the inside of your house with outdoor furniture both refreshing and exciting. Whether you're interested in decorating your entire house with outdoor furniture or just want to place a few pieces inside your home, you can do so with elegance and charm. Does this Spark an idea?

Instructions

1

Thoroughly clean any furniture that has previously been used outdoors. If you buy new furniture, you won't have to worry about dirt or insects, but furniture that has been outside can harbor spiders, dust, pollen and grass. Spray down your furniture with a hose and allow it to dry before you place it in your home.

2

Place your outdoor table and chairs in your kitchen or dining room. Wooden outdoor furniture is quite trendy and many visitors may not even notice that the furniture was designed to be used outside. If you incorporate wrought iron or metal patio furniture into your kitchen, place a soft cushion on each chair for added comfort. Arrange a decorative fruit basket or a bouquet of flowers in the center of your table for an added touch.

3

Arrange your long wicker bench in the living room in lieu of a traditional sofa. Ensure that the cushions are securely attached and comfortable. Also sit on the bench to make sure there are no torn or broken pieces of wicker that might be uncomfortable for your visitors. Place matching wicker chairs throughout the room.

4

Put a bistro dining set in a quiet corner of your library or den as a study table. The glass top of bistro tables offers a look of comfort and relaxation. Place a small candle or decorative bottle of wine on top of the table to complete the look.

5

Organize several plants throughout your home. Complete your outdoor look with several tall plants, cacti, flower baskets or miniature trees. Rest assured that you don't need to have live plants in your house; purchase replica plants at any home and garden store.

Assembly Instructions for Studio RTA Drafting Tables

Founded in 1985, Studio RTA is a company that started out by producing drafting tables and other furnishings intended for use by creative professionals. Eventually, the company's product line expanded to include desks, filing cabinets and chairs. Studio RTA continues to sell drafting tables, with the Creativa model being among the company's more recent offerings. The Creativa features a simple design, and only basic hand tools are required for assembly. The assistance of another person may prove helpful when handling the table's larger components. Does this Spark an idea?

Instructions

1

Turn the table top over, with the brackets on the bottom facing upward. Insert the pole through the holes in the center of each bracket. Locate the notches near the upper end of each height adjustment bar. Fit the notches onto the ends of the pole. Use Allen screws to secure the ends of each bar to the pole.

2

Slide a large washer over the end of one of the two short knobs. Push the end of the knob through one of the metal bars attached to the underside of the table. Slide another washer over the end of the knob, then push the end of the knob through the matching hole on the nearby height adjustment bar. Twist a cap bolt onto the end of the knob. Repeat with the remaining knob on the opposite side.

3

Stand both sets of table legs upright. Fit both small crossbars into the notches near the bottom end of the table legs. Use Allen bolts to secure the small crossbars to the legs. Flip the tabletop upright.

4

Align the ends of the height adjustment bars with the notches at the upper end of each set of table legs. Slide the bars into the notches, lowering the tabletop into place.

5

Attach the bolt connectors to the guiding bolts. Insert the bolt connectors into the holes on the bottom edge of the large crossbar. Fit the ends of the large crossbar into the grooves in the center of each height adjustment bar. Slide large washers over the two long knobs.

6

Insert the ends of the long knobs into the holes on the sides of each set of table legs. Push the ends of the knobs into the ends of the large crossbar. Tighten the knobs until they are secure in the bolt connectors. Remove the guiding bolts from the bolt connectors.

7

Fit small washers over the Phillips screws, then fit the Phillips screws into the holes on the detachable table edge. Fit a second set of washers onto the ends of the screws, then screw the detachable edge onto the edge of the table.

How to Know Mahogany Furniture Vs. Veneer

Mahogany furniture can be solid hardwood or plywood veneer. Plywood veneer is often used as a cheaper alternative to solid hardwood. If adequately finished, plywood veneered furniture will last almost as long as traditional hardwood furniture. There are pros and cons between each product, with either one coming out on top depending on the applications of the furniture. Plywood veneer and solid mahogany both have common uses in furniture building.

Instructions

1

Look at the furniture's legs. If they are round, have round spindles, carvings, scallops, flutes or any other aesthetic features, they are solid mahogany lumber. If the legs are square, over 4 inches wide and the grain pattern is very similar on all four sides, it's veneer.

2

Look at the side of table tops on mahogany end tables, kitchen tables or coffee tables. Veneered plywood will have a grain pattern on the edge of the table top that runs horizontally. Solid mahogany table tops will have no grain on the edges. The edges will look almost black with tiny holes; these are the pores in the wood. The sides of solid mahogany will also show vertical splices where separate pieces of lumber are glued together.

3

Pick up the furniture. Compare the weight to a similar piece of furniture. If it's mahogany veneer, the furniture will appear to be extremely lightweight -- far lighter in weight than you would expect.

4

Look for color variations. Solid mahogany will have subtle color variations throughout the furniture. You will see dark streaks, darker pieces on the ends of moldings or legs. The color will range from a light-red to an almost orange-red to white streaks of light-amber color. Mahogany veneer will look very consistent, almost benign and lifeless with almost no color variations whatsoever.

5

Apply a general rule of thumb. If the cost of the mahogany furniture is affordable and comparative to what you might find in a department store, it's probably veneered plywood. If the cost of the furniture seems almost extravagant, and it is featured in the high-end furniture stores, the piece is probably solid mahogany.

How to Make Mission Style Furniture Look French

Mission-style furniture is categorized as a style within the Arts and Crafts movement that began in England during the mid-19th century and became popular in the U.S. during the early 20th century. The style is best known for putting function above form. Straight lines, natural wood and clean craftsmanship replaced the more ornate designs of the Victorian era. French furniture varies according to the era, but there are few, if any, similarities between Mission style and French style from any period. Begin this transformation from Mission to French by removing any upholstered cushions from the piece, and sand it with fine-grit paper to prepare the surface for refinishing. Does this Spark an idea?

Instructions

Mission to French Country

1

Distress the piece by banging it with a brick, gouging with a screwdriver, hitting it with a heavy chain and/or sanding aggressively at the edges. Do not damage the construction; the point is to make the furniture look as though it's survived many generations of use.

2

Sand down all the distressed points with fine-grit paper until there are no rough edges. The overall look should be worn but charming.

3

Whitewash the piece with a pickling stain. Follow the manufacturer's directions for your brand.

4

Reupholster cushions with a fabric in the French country style. Toile, botanical prints or florals are a few options to consider. Look for fabrics in soft shades of blue, yellow and cream for a generic country appeal, or choose green, red, lavender and olive black for Provencal style.

Mission to Rococo

5

Select decorative wood trims and plaques with a design indicative of the ornate Rococo era. Shells, cherubs, branches, monkeys and flowers are some common motifs of the style. Choose several pieces in one motif.

6

Arrange the trims on your Mission furniture piece. Use painter's tape to keep them in place until you decide the final placement. Try to create curves, asymmetry and a sense of movement with the decorative pieces.

7

Remove one piece of trim and apply a layer of wood glue to the back. Clamp the trim in place until the glue dries. Repeat the process until all the decorative pieces are secured.

8

Paint the chair in a glossy black paint to imitate the black lacquer finishes that were popular during the Rococo period. Apply a gilt, bronze or gold finish to the decorative trims.

9

Reupholster cushions with fabric that resembles petit point tapestry. Patterns that enhance your motif or colors are also good choices.

How to Decorate in a Victorian Era Theme

If the Victorian-era style of decorating were to be described in one word it would be lavish. When decorating a room or your entire home using this style the more decorative and accessorized it is, the closer you are to emulating the Victorian era. The look will be elaborate, lush and impressive. Does this Spark an idea?

Instructions

1




Victorian window coverings enhance the feel of the room.

Replace your window treatments with the sheers as the first layer and then hang the velveteen drapes arranging the tassel tie-backs to hold them on each side. Hang the window scarf over the top of both using the brass drapery hooks. Tuck the scarf behind the decorative part of the hooks.

2




Victorian-style furniture will authenticate your room.

Place the coffee table, side tables, couch and chairs in the room, using the accent tables liberally. Place doilies on the tables and on the backs of the couch and chairs. Put the small table lamps on the accent tables. Place the floor lamps in corners of the room so they create a warm glow.

3




Country-style paintings were popular in the Victorian era.

Put the pastoral pictures in the gilt-look frames and arrange them on the walls. Hang them where the glow from the lamps will accent them and imitate the look of paintings. Place candleholders and candles on the side tables, coffee table and accent tables.

4




Area rugs with designs and rich colors were used in Victorian homes.

Place area rugs on your floors. Arrange them so the furniture does not cover them. Add the dried flower arrangements in vases to the room. Hang the Boston ferns and the ivy or place them on accent tables.

5




The Victorian era encouraged reading and learning.

Place the old books in a bookcase or use bookends to arrange them in the room.

DIY Drafting Table

Making your own drafting table is a rite of passage for engineers, architects, interior decorators and draftsmen. Collect your materials, and under an hour you can have a drafting table of your own. With your a basic table set up, you can add drafting tools to meet your needs. including drafting machines or a mayline. Once you have experienced making your own drafting table, you will know how to make another if your needs outgrow your first.

Instructions

1

Select your drawing surface at your local lumberyard. Look for a smooth impermeable surface, such as high-pressure laminate or medium-density fiberboard. Determine your maximum drawing size and add a few inches to each dimension as a margin of safety. Cut your board to this size. Alternately, a flush solid core wood door can provide a combination of desktop and drawing surface.

2

Unroll the vinyl mat at room temperature. Allow it to lay flat for a few hours to rest and lose some of its curl.

3

Apply the double-sided stick tape to the vinyl mat along all four edges and diagonally. Avoid overlapping the tape. Position the taped mat on the drawing surface and apply pressure to the mat to adhere it to the board.

4

Install an optional hinge and adjustable hardware that would allow you to angle your drawing surface. Typically, 30 degrees is a comfortable maximum.

5

Mount the drafting board atop file cabinets or a desk. Using one file cabinet on either end creates a base for your drawing board that doubles as storage space.

How to Compare Metric & Standard Tire Sizes

While the standard system used in the United States defines a tire by its height, width and rim size in inches, the metric system is slightly more complicated. Rather than defining measurements in inches, metric measurements are given in millimeters. What's more, the three-number metric system defines the width and rim size in metric units, but also includes an aspect ratio number in-between -- which is a percentage related to the distance between the rim to the tread and the width of the overall tire.

Instructions

Standard versus Metric

1

Check the sidewall of the tire to determine if you are dealing with a standard tire or a metric tire. With standard tires the numbers will be presented (for example) as 31.6 x 12/16, so the tire is 31.6 inches around on the outside diameter, 12 inches wide and 16 inches around the rim (the interior diameter) where it meets the wheel itself. In metric, those numbers would be represented as 305/65/R16. Compare accordingly.

2

Multiply the width of the tire by 25.4 to determine the dimension number in millimeters. Subtract the rim size from the tire diameter and divide it by 2 to determine the distance of the rim to the tread, and then divide the rim to tread distance by the width of the tire and multiply the result by 100 to generate the aspect ratio that the metric tires use. For example, a 31.6 x 12/15 tire converts over to 305/65/R16 when converted to metric measurements, with the middle number representing the aspect ratio.

3

Divide the width of the tire by 25.4 to transpose the metric width over to inches. Multiply the width of the tire in inches against the aspect ratio, and then divide the result by 100 to determine the rim to tread distance, and multiply that distance by 2 and add the size of the wheel to calculate the diameter of the actual tire. For example, a standard-measured tire would read 31.6 x 12/16 when converted over from the metric equivalent of 305/65/R16.

How to Care for a Slate-Topped Patio Table

Slate is a durable stone that provides a natural looking tabletop surface for your outdoor patio area. The stone blends in well with other outdoor surroundings and endures wear and tear well. To keep the slate-topped patio table looking its best, incorporate a cleaning and care routine that prevents damage to the slate surface. Does this Spark an idea?

Instructions

1

Rinse the slate table regularly with your garden hose to remove all loose dirt and debris. This works well in removing the day-to-day buildup that accumulates on the slate surface.

2

Mix 2 cups of water with 1 squirt of dish soap in a spray bottle. Add in 1/4 cup of white vinegar if you have issues with water spots or lime buildup.

3

Spray the cleaner over your slate patio table and wipe off with a damp cleaning rag.

4

Spray on the solution and scrub away tougher residue with a wet nylon scrubbing pad. Don't use metal tools that could damage the slate.

5

Wipe the table with a clean, damp rag to remove any remaining buildup and allow the slate to air dry.

Ideas for Outdoor Arrangements

Colorful flowers and plants can add beauty to landscaping and charm to outdoor parties; however, creating exceptional outdoor arrangements are all about expanding beyond the usual arrangements by adding a bit of creativity. Some of the most unique outdoor arrangements can be achieved by including a few additional items, like unused things found around the house. Does this Spark an idea?

Outdoor Table Arrangements

Paint and fill an old vintage watering can with cut flowers from the garden, or simply fill an old metal bucket with cut flowers purchased at the grocery store. In addition, ceramic teapots and pitchers filled with flowers make charming outdoor table arrangements for a dinner party. A pretty tablecloth and assorted candles can further add a romantic look and feel to a table arrangement.

Outdoor Birdcage Arrangements

Birdcages can be hung on the patio or set on benches, side tab or small retaining walls. They can be filled with potted plants or flowers, vines, bird nests and even small replicas of birds. If real flowers and plants aren't available, weave artificial flowers and plants through the bars of the cage.

Barrels and Wagons

Filling old wagons or half barrels with plants and flowers can make attractive outdoor landscaping arrangements. They look beautiful sitting on patios or set near benches and arches, or along paths. Old farm equipment sitting among patches of flowers makes an ideal country arrangement for any landscape. Adding some lawn animal decorations such as deer, bears, raccoons, rabbits or squirrels can bring this type of arrangement to life.

Outdoor Hanging Pots

Interesting outdoor arrangements can be achieved by using hanging pots. They can be hung in groups from porches, trees, arbors, fences and shade coverings. Many different types of flowers, plants and vines can be planted in them. In addition, hanging birdhouses, wind chimes and other decorations can be added to the arrangements of hanging pots.

Trellis Arrangements

An outdoor trellis can be made from wood or PVC pipe in different widths and heights, and used in flowerbeds and lawn areas. Use it to divide flower gardens into individual arrangements, for a decorative background, behind flowerpots or to add privacy around decorative areas in landscaping. Trellises can be painted and covered with tall vines for added attractiveness in outdoor arrangements.

Stepping Stone Arrangements

Stepping stones can be used many different ways in outdoor arrangements. Set flowerpots, birdbaths and yard ornaments on them, or use them to make an entrance and path through an outside area that contains outdoor garden arrangements. Place them together to make a foundation for an outdoor setting, like a sitting area in the garden.